Knowledge Deficit - NCP Asthma Bronchiale

Knowledge Deficit - NCP Asthma Bronchiale

Bronchial asthma is the common asthma which is an inflammatory disease of airways that causes periodic attacks of coughing, wheezing (whistling sound from chest), breathlessness, and even chest congestion.

Signs and symptoms of bronchial asthma :

• Shortness of breath or breathlessness even when talking, laughing or walking a little.
• Tightness of chest
• Wheezing (whistling sound from chest, mostly when you lie down)
• Coughing and sometimes excessive cough which keeps one awake at night

Nursing Diagnosis for Bronchial Asthma: Knowledge Deficit: about the disease and treatment.

related to:

• Lack of information.
• Misinterpretation of information.
• The lack of repetition of information.

Possible evidenced by:

• Requests for disclosure of information.
• Statement to worry.
• Inaccuracies in following instructions.
• The occurrence of complications that can be prevented.

Long-term goal:

• Patient knowledge about things related to the illness increases.

Short-term goal:

• The patient expressed understanding of the condition / disease process and treatment.
• Patient identifying relationships signs / symptoms of the disease process and its relation to factor causes.
• Patients initiating lifestyle changes and participate in treatment measures.

Nursing Interventions:

1. Explain / repeat the explanation of the disease process. Encourage patients and families to ask about things that are not clear.
2. Explain the rationale of breathing exercises as a good practice to continue.
3. Discuss respiratory medication use, side effects and reactions that may arise.
4. Discuss the factors that can improve the patient's condition such as humidity, wind, temperature extreme environment, cigarette smoke, aerosol, air pollution.
5. Provide information about the danger of smoking on the lungs and encourage patients not to smoke.
6. Encourage the patient / family to explore ways to control the factors that cause can worsen the patient's condition in and around the home.

Rational:

1. Lowers anxiety and can lead to improved participation in the treatment plan.
2. Breath lips and breath abdominal / diaphragmatic breathing muscle strengthening, helps minimize small airway collapse, and gives individuals the sense to control dyspnea. Exercise increases the tolerance of the general condition improves tolerance activity, muscle strength and healthy taste.
3. Patients often have a lot of respiratory medicine at the same time that have similar side effects and potential drug interactions pathological happen. It is important for patients to understand the difference between the side effects interfere (continued medication) and adverse events (drug may be changed / stopped).
4. Environmental factors can aggravate / cause / left bronchial irritation causing increased production of secret and airway resistance.
5. Cessation of smoking can prevent / reduce the severity of asthma.
6. In order to minimize / mitigate the invasion of the factors that can cause the patient's condition worsens.

Evaluation Criteria.

1. Patients and families expressed an understanding of the condition / disease processes and actions.
2. Identify the relationship sign / symptom of the disease process and connect with the causes.
3. Making changes to lifestyle and participating in treatment programs.

Signs and Symptoms - Asthma Bronchiale Nursing Assessment

Signs and Symptoms - Asthma Bronchiale Nursing Assessment

Nursing Care in clients with Asthma Bronchiale implemented through the nursing process approach, consisting of: Assessing, Diagnosing, Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating.

Nursing Assessment for Asthma Bronchiale : Signs and Symptoms

Basic assessment data :

Activity / Rest

• Symptoms: fatigue, malaise, inability to perform daily activities because of shortness of breath. Inability to sleep, need to sleep sitting up high. Dyspnea at rest or in response to activity or exercise
• Signs: fatigue, anxiety, insomnia, general weakness / loss of muscle mass.

Circulation

• Symptoms: swelling of the lower extremities.
• Signs: increase in blood pressure. Increased heart rate / severe tachycardia, dysrhythmias. Distended neck veins (severe disease). Dependent edema, unrelated to heart disease. Faint heart sounds (which is associated with increased AP diameter of the chest). Color of skin / membrane glucose: normal or gray / cyanosis: Nail clubbing and peripheral cyanosis. Pallor may indicate anemia.

 Ego integrity

• Symptoms: increased risk factor. Changes in lifestyle.
• Signs: anxiety, fear, sensitive stimuli.

Food / fluid

• Symptoms: nausea / vomiting. Poor appetite / anorexia (emphysema). The inability to eat due to respiratory distress. Losing weight sedentary (emphysema), weight gain showed edema (bronchitis).
• Signs: poor skin turgor, dependent edema, sweating, weight loss, decreased muscle mass / fat subcutaneously (emphysema). Abdominal palpitation may declare hepatomegaly (bronchitis).

Hygiene

• Symptoms: decreased ability / enhancement needs doing daily activities.
• Signs: poor hygiene, body odor.

Breathing

• Symptoms: shortness of breath (onset hidden, with dyspnoea as a prominent symptom of emphysema), particularly in the workplace: the weather or recurrent episodes of difficult breathing (asthma): chest distress, inability to breathe (asthma). "Air Hunger 'chronic. Cough settled, with the production of sputum every day (especially when awake) for a minimum of 3 months in a row, every year at least 2 years, production of sputum (green, white, or yellow) can be a great deal (chronic bronchitis). Intermittent episodes of cough, usually is not productive at this early stage although it can be productive (emphysema). History of recurrent pneumonia, exposure to chemical pollution / fumes eg asbestos, coal dust, jute cotton, sawdust, family factors and oxygen at night or continuously.
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• Signs: fast breathing, can be slow: lengthening the expiratory phase, with snoring, mouth breathing (emphysema). Preference for the three-point (Tripot) to breathe (especially with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis). The use of accessory muscles, eg raising the shoulders, retraction of supraclavicular fossa, widen the nose. hyperinflation of the chest can be seen quietly raising AP (shape-barrel): minimal diaphragm movement. Breath sounds: may dim with expiratory wheezing (emphysema): diffuse, soft or coarse moist crackles (bronchitis): crackles, wheezing in all lung areas on expiration, and the possibility for the inspiration to continue to decline or absence of wheezing (asthma). Percussion: hyper-resonant on the lung area (eg, air trap with emphysema): sound deaf in the area (eg, consolidation, fluid, mucosa). Difficulty speaking a sentence or more than 4 or 5 at a time. Color: pale with cyanotic lips and nail: gray Overall: red (chronic bronchitis "inflated blue '). Patients with emphysema were often called "pink fuffer" because skin color was normal despite normal gas exchange and rapid breathing frequency. Clubbing in the fingers (emphysema).

Security

• Symptoms: history of an allergic reaction or are sensitive to substances / environmental factors. The presence / recurrent infections. Redness / sweating (asthma).

Sexuality

• Symptoms: Decreased libido

Social interaction

• Symptoms: dependency relationship, lack of support systems, failure of support from family or significant others, long illness or incapacity improves.
• Signs: inability to create / maintain a sound, because respiratory distress. Physical mobility, abnormal relationships with other family members.

Counseling / Learning

• Symptoms: The use / abuse of drugs breathing, difficulty stopping smoking, regular alcohol use, failure to improve, repatriation planning considerations: the need for dental nursing, home care / home duties to maintain, change treatment / therapeutic program.